[Insights Secure – 2019] Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 18 September 2019
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General Studies – 2
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Why this question:
The question aims to evaluate the debate of Uniform civil code.
Key demand of the question:
One must analyse the arguments for and against the Uniform civil code and discuss why it is back in news and what should be the next step in this direction.
Directive:
analyze – When asked to analyse, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Define UCC – A Uniform Civil Code means that all sections of the society irrespective of their religion shall be treated equally according to a national civil code, which shall be applicable to all uniformly.
Body:
The question is straightforward, take cues from the article and discuss in detail the arguments for and against the UCC.
Discuss the constitutional provisions related to it – Part IV, Article 44 of the Constitution states that “The State shall endeavor to secure the citizen a Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India”.
However, Article 37 of the Constitution itself makes it clear the DPSP “shall not be enforceable by any court”. Nevertheless, they are “fundamental in the governance of the country”.
This indicates that although our constitution itself believes that a Uniform Civil Code should be implemented in some manner, it does not make this implementation mandatory.
Discuss the challenges in implementing it.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way ahead.
Topic: Parliament and State Legislatures – structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
Why this question:
Farooq Abdullah, the chairman of Jammu & Kashmir National Conference who has also served as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir on several occasions since 1982, has been detained for 12 days under Jammu and Kashmir’s Public Safety Act.
Key demand of the question:
The answer must detail upon the Jammu and Kashmir’s Public Safety Act and its recent use during the abrogation of the article 370 and 35A.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In brief explain the Jammu and Kashmir’s Public Safety Act.
Body:
Explain the following aspects in the body of the answer –
What is Jammu and Kashmir’s Public Safety Act? – It is a preventive detention law. It comes into force by an administrative order passed either by Divisional Commissioner or by the District Magistrate and not by a detention order by police based on specific allegations or for specific violation of laws.
Explain Why is it considered draconian? – it allows for detention of a person without a formal charge and without trial, can be slapped on a person already in police custody; on someone immediately after being granted bail by a court; or even on a person acquitted by the court, Detention can be up to two years etc.
Explain what constitutional safeguards are guaranteed to a person so detained?
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Why this question:
The question is amidst the recent controversies that have risen owing to the comments made by Amit shah over making Hindi a national language.
Key demand of the question:
One has to analyse the context of regional differences and the making of a single language as the national language.
Directive:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgement.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In brief explain the context.
Body:
First explain the reasons of Hindi gaining prominence, discuss its association of making it a national language with vote bank politics.
Discuss the constitutional provisions related to the official language.
Present the arguments for regional identity, language and the need for a national language.
Explain that cultural plurality is significant than a unified language for the country.
Conclusion:
Conclude that According a hegemonic role to the “most-spoken” language in the country may promote cultural homogenization, but that is hardly desirable in a country with a diverse population, a plural ethos and is a cauldron of many languages and cultures.
Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora. Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
Why this question:
The recent drone attacks have caused the biggest-ever disruption in global crude oil supplies and has further escalated tensions in the Persian Gulf. With the drone strikes disrupting around 5% of the global oil supply and further exacerbating tensions in West Asia; India is keeping a close watch on the rapidly evolving situation.
Key demand of the question:
The answer should analyse the need of a strong policy that focuses on growing energy security requirements of the country amidst changing world energy scenario.
Directive:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgement.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In brief explain the recent incident.
Body:
Explain the following –
Saudi Arabia is a crucial source of energy for India and the second largest supplier of crude and cooking gas to India, Any spike in global crude prices will impact India’s oil import bill and trade deficit.
Discuss how it will affect the energy security scenario of the country.
What should be India’s stand, suggest way forward.
Conclusion:
Conclude with the need of the policy makers to focus on alternative energy resources.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, And Railways etc.
Why this question:
The question aims to comment upon the challenges and the opportunities of the domestic aviation sector in the country.
Key demand of the question:
Explain the challenges and opportunities in India’s domestic civil aviation sector by bringing out the recent policy interventions.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Introduce by mentioning about the current situation of civil aviation sector in India.
Body:
Explain the aspects of – the opportunities and challenges faced by the sector.
Importance of aviation sector and the need to provide policy support to the sector.
Discuss in depth the policies and various initiatives that are in place to harness the potential of aviation sector such as UDAN, Nabh Nirman etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships. Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values.
Ethics by Lexicon publications
Why this question:
The question tries to ascertain the unethical behaviour prevalent in the government offices and businesses and tries to evaluate a comparison.
Key demand of the question:
One must compare and contrast the prevalent unethical behaviour in government and businesses of today with suitable examples.
Directive:
Analyze – When asked to analyse, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Explain what you understand by unethical behaviour- Unethical behavior is an action that falls outside of what is considered morally right or proper for a person, a profession or an industry. Individuals can behave unethically, as can businesses, professionals and politicians.
Body:
Explain first what is ethical behaviour? How is it different from unethical behaviour?
Discuss the importance of ethics in businesses or government organizations.
How are the two different? Explain with suitable examples and provide for a balanced opinion.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a fair and balanced opinion and need for ethical behaviour at a workplace.
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships. Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values.
Why this question:
The question is about evaluating ethics as a necessary means to an end.
Key demand of the question:
One has to account on the statement in the question with suitable examples wherever possible.
Directive:
Comment– here we have to express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In brief narrate the principle of means and ends in ethics.
Body:
Discuss the significance of the statement in question; explain what you understand by means, why it is important along with the ends.
Explain various principles quoted by philosophers related to the above principle and justify your stand.
Conclusion:
Conclude with your opinion.
NOTE:
