Topic: Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
5) Evaluate the coming of Faster diagnostic tests for tuberculosis in India. How far has India gone from conventional methods to more efficient and effective methods? Analyse. (250 words)
Why this question:
Scientists have developed highly sensitive and rapid tests for detection of tuberculosis infection in lungs and surrounding membranes. Unlike current tests that use antibodies for detection of bacterial proteins in sputum samples, new tests use Aptamer Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay (ALISA) and Electrochemical Sensor (ECS) for detection of a bacterial protein in the sputum.
Key demand of the question:
Answer is straightforward and is about discussing the evolution of science in the field of Tuberculosis Diagnosis.
Directive word:
Analyze – When asked to analyze, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In a few introductory lines highlight the context of the question.
Body:
In brief discuss the following points:
- Explain the significance of coming of Faster diagnostic tests for tuberculosis in India.
- How has the evolution in diagnostics changed the landscape of Helath issues specifically the TB burden?
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health concern for both developing and developed countries and has recently become more complex due to persistence in aging populations and the rise of drug-resistant strains, recent advances allow better and earlier diagnosis of active pulmonary TB – Conventional diagnostic tests use antibodies for detection of bacterial proteins in sputum samples. However, such tests suffer with limitations including batch-to-batch variability, limited shelf-life, and cost.
- To address these problems, the researchers have now developed two DNA aptamer-based tests – Aptamer Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay (ALISA) and Electrochemical Sensor (ECS) for detection of a bacterial protein in the sputum.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
