[Insights Secure – 2019] Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 08 March 2019
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Tomorrow’s Static Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
General Studies – 1
Topic– Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
Bipin Chandra- India after Independence
Why this question:
The question is about analyzing the importance of the principle of non-alignment as the corner-stone of India’s foreign policy by Jawaharlal Nehru post-independence.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Key demands of the question:
The answer should provide for a close examination of India’s foreign policy as adopted by Jawaharlal Nehru post-independence against the backdrop of world war II, and how exactly Nehru took over the nation with the hope of forging amicable relationship with countries of the world.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction
Start by pointing out the importance of the policy, how it started – India became the first country to begin a policy that was new in the history of international relations – the policy of Non-Alignment which was founded in 1961 in Belgrade and was ably supported by Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, President Sukarno of Indonesia and Joseph Broz Tito of Yugoslavia.
Body
Discuss the following important factors :
- Trace the backdrop of the NAM and its origin.
- Importance of the policy – Nehru’s pacifism and his strong support of the United Nations. what way he pioneered the policy of non-alignment.
- professing neutrality between the rival blocs of nations led by the US and the USSR.
- technique to maintain world peace.
- Factors responsible for adopting Non alignment.
- struggle against imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism, and all forms of foreign aggression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics
Keywords:
India’s economic backwardness, neutralism, decolonized nation, 1955 Bandung Conference, Lusaka Conference (third conference) 1970, Havana Declaration etc.
Conclusion
Conclude with contemporary relevance of the NAM.
Topic– Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
Bipin Chandra – India after Independence
Why this question:
Language created a great problem in post-independent era and continues to be one of the heavy weights on country’s political system. Thus the question measures language as a parameter of social and political strife and in what way formation of linguistic states has strengthened the cause of unity in India.
demand of the question:
The answer must bring out trace the linguistic diversity as a foundation of social and political conflict in the country. Later one has to analyze in what way the linguistic diversity of the country and reorganization of the nation based on it has strengthened the cause of Indian unity.
Directive word
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction
Narrate the background of events – the country was divided into more than 500 princely territories and the provinces of British India at the time of independence. After accession into the Union, there came the tacky issue of integrating the kingdoms and provinces into feasible administrative units.
Body
Comment on – The way Dhar commission, and then the JVP commission rejected the reorganization of states on linguistic basis despite demand for the same.
Fazl Ali commission or States Reorganization Commission, in 1953, allowed that in principle, while giving primacy to administrative convenience. Then move on to discuss how it strengthened the cause of Indian unity.
Later bring out how the linguistic reorganization also led to several unintended consequences such as regionalism, linguistic chauvinism and foundation of the “Sons of the soil” doctrine. Quote some examples.
Keywords:
Potti Sriramulu, linguistic recognition of the state etc.
Conclusion
conclude – linguistic reorganization also led to several unintended consequences such as regionalism, linguistic chauvinism and foundation of the “Sons of the soil” doctrine. But the political leadership of newly independent India had the foresight to visualize the consequences of not acquiescing to popular aspirations. Their decision to linguistically reorganize the states has therefore removed one important factor that would’ve jeopardized India’s integrity and thus strengthened the cause of Indian unity.
Topic: Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Why this question:
The article is on the eve of Women’s day , it provides for a detailed discussion on abilities of women in today’s world and the opportunities they have in our country given the cultural setup and legacy of parochial mindset. The article mainly focuses on why women around the world should recognize their financial worth and acquire the confidence needed to drive financial decisions thus empowering themselves and in turn the societies.
Key demand of the question
The answer must center itself around role of women in the growth and development of the country, their empowerment for the welfare of the societies. And one must justify the dire need for improvement in the conditions for women.
Directive word
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidences. You have to appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming a personal opinion here.
Structure of the answer
Introduction:
One can start with importance of women empowerment. Explain the nuances of the statement in question.
Body:
Discuss how Gender equality and women’s empowerment are essential for the development and well-being of families, communities and nations. Due to prevalence of patriarchy , women have been discriminated not only in India but in most parts of the world. Violence against women is a part of the system and according to UN, one out of every three women experiences violence. Taking place within the family, it gives pain. Then move on to discuss how empowering women is a dynamic and political process. The approach needs to be multidimensional and integrative. Quote success stories- women in leading roles.
Conclusion:
Conclude with significance of women empowerment centric to development and welfare.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Issues relating to poverty and hunger./ Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
Why this question:
The article defines what are diseases of affluence, the question is in the context of rising Lifestyle illnesses, such as heart disease have overtaken the so-called poverty diseases of tuberculosis and diarrhea as India’s biggest killer, reflecting the country’s growing affluence.
Key demand of the question:
The answer should discuss how the changing lifestyle and prosperity of Indians which began a decade ago has reduced the physical activities of people, particularly in urban India, The sedentary lifestyle, over stressed life, bad eating habits and smoking are the other factors which have led to this changing trends.
Directive word
Elucidate – means to clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer
Introduction:
Briefly define what you understand by diseases of Affluence, how they are different from those of poverty.
Body:
Discussion of the answer should capture the following points :
- Causes of the shift : Highlight the changing lifestyles, reflect the sedentary lifestyles among India’s growing middle class, the rise of motorcycle and car ownership etc. , and a growing fondness for junk and high sugar/ fat food.
- Explain how the trend is no more about diseases of poverty that are the result of low living standards that prevent people from having sufficient access to quality healthcare.
- Suggest a way forward.
Conclusion –
Suggest what needs to be done, quote reports and facts to justify the same.
Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
5) “Reverse innovation can transform industries in India, and the world”, Comment.(250 words)
HOW INDIA BUILDS: CHEAPER, FASTER, LOCAL- 8 Mar 2019mint ePaper Vijay Govindarajan & Mahesh Sriram
Why this question:
The article highlights the significance of reverse innovation in India with special focus to Health, education and energy industry and in what way reverse innovation can recreate foreign technologies by harnessing local know-how.
Key demand of the question:
The answer must address how reverse innovation can transform healthcare , education and energy industries specifically in India , thus one must explain in detail what is Reverse innovation, way about, its benefits for Indian industries and what needs to be done.
Directive word:
Comment- here we have to express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin with the definition of Reverse innovation, highlight the recent beginning of it in Health industry of India.
Body:
Discuss the following :
- What is Reverse Innovation? Explain with examples like Tata Motors – Tata Nano, Tata – Swacch – World’s cheapest water purifier etc.
- Trends, Strategy, and the advantages it brings to India.
- How would Reverse Innovation benefit India – lead to further boom in industrialization, overall development of the entire eco-system, will lead to one world, one market” phenomenon.
- Highlight the key industries that are already benefiting from It – Health, education , energy ;state examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude with the importance of suggest way forward.
Topic: Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.
Why this question:
The article highlights the Supreme Court’s landmark judgements that have concentrated greater power in the hands of the executive leading to powerful Central executive. Thus it becomes important from the point of view of GS paper II.
Key demand of the question:
The question expects you to critically analyze the current scenario of the overpowering Centre amidst greater support being provided to it by the Judiciary through landmark judgements that are making the Centre imperial. The answer must address and justify by elucidation of recent judgements and their impact.
Directive word
Critically analyze – When asked to analyze, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgement.
Structure of the answer
Introduction:
Start with highlighting the importance of separation of power, how each wing should control and bind the other by suggesting corrective actions rather than fueling the thirst of autonomy.
Body:
Body should discuss the following broad aspects in detail –
- Recent landmark judgements that highlight the rising support of the apex court to the Centre’s actions – the four landmark judgments on fundamental rights: decriminalizing same-sex relations and adultery, opening up Sabarimala to women of all ages, and (partially) upholding Aadhaar, court’s findings on the legal status of “money bills”, dispute between the central government (acting through the Lt Governor) and the government of Delhi etc.
- Explain the trending drift towards the increased powers of the political executive, across liberal democracies.
- Way forward
Conclusion:
Conclude with how judicial facilitation of an imperial executive is against the basic tenets of the very constitution ; doctrine separation of powers.
General Studies – 3
Topic-Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nanotechnology, biotechnology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
Why this question:
World has entered into an era of modern technological advancements in technology sector such as, Internet of things (loT), Machine to machine (M2M) communication ,Artificial intelligence, Big Data etc. a need was felt to introduce customer focused and application driven policy for Indian telecom sector. The policy’s aims to serve as the main pillar of Digital India by addressing emerging opportunities for expanding not only availability of telecom services, but also telecom based services.
Key demand of the question:
The answer must discuss in detail the objectives of National Digital Communications Policy 2018. The associated issues, challenges and solutions to move forward.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin with the importance of the new telecom policy, how it aims to cater the modern needs of the digital communications sector of India.
Body:
The answer should mainly focus upon:
- listing out the detailed objectives of the policy – Broadband for all;
Creating four million additional jobs in the Digital Communications sector; Enhancing the contribution of the Digital Communications sector to 8% of India’s GDP ,Propelling India to the Top 50 Nations in the ICT Development Index of ITU; Enhancing India’s contribution to Global Value Chains; and Ensuring Digital Sovereignty.
- Vision and mission
- Discuss the challenges, issues and concerns associated.
Conclusion:
Conclude with how the policy will facilitate the unleashing of the creative energies of citizens, enterprises and institutions in India and play an important role in fulfilling the aspirations of all Indians for a better quality of life.
NOTE:
