Topic– Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
1) Analyze the trends and patterns of internal migration in India. Discuss the factors responsible for internal migration in India.(250 words)
Why this question
Migration is an important issue in the present times given the economic and social implications it has on the places of emigrations as well as immigration. The regular censuses conducted by the government of India describe the trends and patterns of such migrations. It is important to analyse them and derive conclusions which will then help in policy formulation and better planning.
Directive word
Analyze-Here we have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts, and present them as a whole in a summary.
Discuss- This is an all-encompassing directive which mandates us to write in detail about the key demand of the question. We also have to discuss about the related and important aspects of the question in order to bring out a complete picture of the issue in hand.
Key demand of the question.
The question wants us to delve deep into the issue of internal migration in India and bring out the trends and patterns observed therein. It then wants us to write in detail about the factors that drive this internal migration.
Structure of the answer
Introduction– mention article 15 of the constitution, and write a few lines about internal migration in India. E.g 309 million internal migrants or 30 percent of the population (Census of India 2001), and by more recent estimates 326 million or 28.5 percent of the population (NSSO 2007–2008). You can cite more recent data from any reliable source.
Body-
- Mention the two broad types of internal migration- Long term and seasonal migration. Discuss in points the trends and patterns of internal migration. E.g Most short-term migrants belong to socioeconomically deprived groups, such as Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes, having negligible educational attainment, limited assets and resource deficits; Females (70%) more than males (30%); And a significant portion is child migrants; The shares of inter-district and interstate migrants are 24 and 13 per cent, respectively. Interstate migration has increased at the fastest rate since economic liberalization; Key destination states: Delhi, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab and Karnataka; Migrants are mostly employed in the following subsectors: construction, domestic work, textile, brick-kilns, transportation, mines, quarries and agriculture.
- Discuss the factors which drive India’s internal migrants. E.g marriage; work, employment, business, education; movement with household; Factors such as low income, low literacy, high poverty and dependence on agriculture are cited as some examples of push factors associated with places of origin. By contrast, high income, high literacy, the dominance of industries, and services are among the pull factors associated with places of destination etc.
Conclusion- sum up your discussion in a few lines and form a fair and a balanced conclusion on the above issue.
