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PRELIMS BOOSTER 2018: Sea horse and General Assembly (GA)

PRELIMS BOOSTER 2018

Sea horse and General Assembly (GA)

Sea  horse

  1. Data deficient — IUCN
  2. Appendix II of CITES
  3. small marine fishes in the genus Hippocampus

 

  1. Habitat
  • found in shallow tropical and temperate waters throughout the world, from about 45°S to 45 S and live in sheltered areas such as seagrass beds, estuaries, coral reefs, or mangroves

 

  1. threats
  • used for traditional medicines, aquarium display and curiosities
  • caught as bycatch in beach seines, trawls, gillnets, and traps
  • habitat degradation
  • disturbance through anthropogenic activities such as coastal developments
  • pollution from shore side run-off and ships

 

 

 

General Assembly (GA)

  1. one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN)
  2. deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN
  3. members – 193 countries

 

  1. Voting powers
  • all member nations have equal representation
  • Each country has one vote
  • The voting rights can be suspended in case of nonpayment of dues – Recently Venezuela and Libya lost voting rights in the UNGA

 

  1. powers
  • oversee the budget of the UN
  • appoint the non-permanent members to the Security Council
  • Voting for the judges in the ICJ
  • receive reports from other parts of the UN
  • make recommendations in the form of General Assembly Resolution

 

  1. Resolutions
  • not binding on the members
  • Decisions on important questions, such as those on peace and security, admission of new members and budgetary matters, require a two-thirds majority.
  • Decisions on other questions are by simple majority

 

  1. Sessions
  • The General Assembly meets under its president or Secretary-General in regular yearly sessions
  • Special sessions may be convened at the request of the United Nations Security Council, or a majority of UN members

 

  1. 6 Main committees
  • The First Committee: Disarmament and International Security (DISEC)– concerned with disarmament and related international security questions
  • The Second Committee: Economic and Financial (ECOFIN) — concerned with economic questions
  • The Third Committee: Social, Cultural, and Humanitarian (SOCHUM) — deals with social and humanitarian issues
  • The Fourth Committee: Special Political and Decolonisation (SPECPOL) — deals with a variety of political subjects not dealt with by the First Committee, as well as with decolonization
  • The Fifth Committee: Administrative and Budgetary and general — deals with the administration and budget of the United Nations
  • The Sixth Committee: Legal deals with legal matters