SOLUTIONS
INSIGHTS REVISION TEST for Preliminary Exam 2018: Test – 37(Geography)
- Which of the following is NOT correct regarding soils of India.
a) Black soil exhibits self-ploughing characteristic
b) Humus content of laterite soil is low and generally they are unfit for cultivation.
c) Arid soils generally are clayey in texture with higher acidity
d) Alkaline soil are treated with gypsum to make it suitable for cropping.
Answer: (c)
Justification:
Black soil is known for its self ploughing nature because it is a clayey soil and has much moisture in it. It also develops cracks during summers which exposes it to sunlight and water from rains. Thus it becomes easy to plough it.
The laterite soil is formed under conditions of high temperature and heavy rainfall with alternate wet and dry periods, which leads to leaching of soil, leaving only oxides of iron and aluminum. It lacks fertility due to a lower base-exchanging capacity and a lower content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Humus content of the soil is removed fast by bacteria that thrives well in high temperature.
Arid soils generally are sandy in texture rich in calcium carbonates. Hence they have higher pH and are basic in nature. (Hence c is incorrect statement)
Usage of gypsum in alkaline soil helps in reduction in pH of soil. Major Benefits of Gypsum – 1. Source of calcium and sulfur for plant nutrition. 2. Improves acid soils and treats aluminum toxicity. 3. Improves soil structure. 4. Improves water infiltration. 5. Helps reduce runoff and erosion
- Which one of the following mining area is significant for a different mineral from that of the other three areas?
a) Nellore
b) Panchpatmali
c) Koderma
d) Ajmer
Answer: (b)
Justification:
Panchpatmali in Odisha is rich in bauxite deposits.
Nellore in Andhra Pradesh, Koderma in Jharkand and Ajmer in Rajasthan are rich in Mica deposits.
- Consider the following statements regarding Malwa Plateau
- In general Red Soil is found over the plateau
- Soyabean and cotton are important crops grown in the area.
- The regions is rich in limestone deposits.
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 Only
b) 2 Only
c) 2 and 3 Only
d) 1 and 3 only
Answer: (b)
Justification:
Malwa Plateau is a plateau of volcanic origin, which is located in central North India. It encompasses parts of the states of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. It is a semi-arid region having black soil. It is not rich in limestone whereas the vindhyan ranges fromed from upliftment of geosyncline is rich in limestone deposits. Madhya Pradesh is the leading producer of soyabean in the country which is largely cultivated in malwa plateau region.
- Consider the following regarding shifting cultivation
- Roca — Central America.
- Podu — Western Ghats
- Dahiya — Madhya Pradesh
Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched.
a) 3 Only
b) 1 and 2 Only
c) 2 and 3 Only
d) 1 and 3 only
Answer: (a)
Justification:
Roca is practiced in Brazil and Masole in central America
Podu is practiced in Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh
Dahiya is the shifting cultivation of Central highlands of Madhya Pradesh.
- Consider the following statements
- In India, groundnut crop is raised mostly during the Kharif season under rainfed conditions.
- In India, tobacco is cultivated only in black cotton soils.
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Answer: (a)
Justification:
Groundnut crops thrives best in tropical climate and require 20-30’c and 50-75 cm rainfall. Isohyet of 100 cm marks the upper limit of groundnut cultivation. It can be grown both as a Kharif and as a Rabi crop but nearly 80% of the total area under groundnut is devoted to kharif crop.
Well drained friable sandy loams not too rich in organic matter but rich in mineral salts allowing full development of roots are best suited soil for tobacco. Sandy loam red and alluvial soil are also suitable for tobacco cultivation. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and some important producers.
- Consider the following statements
- In India, Tertiary deposits of coal occur in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya and Nagaland
- In India, lignite does not occur anywhere except in Tamil Nadu.
- In India, metallurgical coal is restricted to Jharkand and Andhra Pradesh Only
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
a) 2 and 3 Only
b) 1 and 3 Only
c) 1 only
d) 1 and 2 only
Answer: (c)
Justification:
Tertiary coal fields mainly occur in association with limestone and slates in Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland
90% of lignite is concentrated in Tamil Nadu. Its reserves are also found in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Jammu and Kashmir and Kerala
Metallurgical coal of Gondwana deposits occur in Jharkhand, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Odisha , Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.
- Match of the following
List I (Sources of energy) List II –Places
- Geothermal Gulf of Kutch
- Wind Vizhinjam
- Wave Muppandal
- Tidal Puga Valley
Which of the following is correct.
A B C D
a) 2 4 3 1
b) 2 3 4 1
c) 4 2 1 3
d) 4 3 2 1
Answer: (d)
Justification:
Geothermal Energy – Puga Valley (Ladakh)
Wind Energy — Muppandal (Tamil Nadu )
Wave energy — Vizhinjam (Kerala)
Tidal energy — Gulf of Kutch
- Which among the following is INCORRECT
a) National Waterway-4 extending from Muktyal to Pondicherry is the longest National Waterway.
b) Asian Highway-48 also known as SAARC Road extends between Agra in India to Matara in Srilanka
c) Presently, longest operational LPG pipeline in India extends between Jamnagar in Gujarat to Loni near New Delhi.
d) Western Dedicated Freight corridor extends between Jawaharlal Nehru Port to Dadri.
Answer : (b)
Justification:
Asian Highway 48 – AH48, colloquially known as SAARC Road, is a work-in-progress route of the Asian Highway Network, running 90.58 kilometres (56.28 mi) from Phuntsholing, Bhutan and its twin town Jaigaon, India, across the border through the Dooars region of West Bengal and ending at Changrabandha near Bangladesh border. It is being undertaken with the goal of boosting ties, trade and tourism between the SAARC countries. Asian Highway -43 — This road is 3,024km long. It connects Agra to Matara in Sri Lanka.
LPG pipeline- The pipeline, which starts at Jamnagar in Gujarat and terminates at Loni in Uttar Pradesh, passes through the States of Gujarat (522 kms), Rajasthan (630 kms), Haryana (75 kms), Delhi (6 kms) and Uttar Pradesh (37 kms).1270 km pipeline is the longest operational LPG pipeline in the country
Western Dedicated Corridor extends between Mumbai to Dadri
- Consider the following statements
- Bellary region of Karnataka has the maximum concentration of Iron & steel Industries in India.
- Location of Aluminium smelting is influenced by availability of raw material and supply of electricity.
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
c) ) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Answer: (b)
Justification:
Eventhough Bellary region is rich in iron-ore deposits, greater concentration of Iron-steel industries is in Chotanagpur plateau
Cheap electricity is an important factor which influence location of aluminum industry. Most of industries are located near to coal and bauxite deposits or hydro-electric projects.
- Location of sugar industry in India is shifting from north to south because of
a) Cheap Labour.
b) Cheap and abundant supply of power
c) Better availability of power
d) Higher yield and longer crushing season
Answer: (d)
Justification:
Peninsular India has tropical climate which gives higher yield per unit area as compared to north India. The crushing season is also much longer in the south than in the north.
- Which of the following factors are considered as the threat to Indian forests.
- Expansion of plantations
- Grazing
- Teak monoculture
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
a) 3 Only
b) 1 and 3 Only
c) 2 and 3 Only.
d) All the above.
Answer: (d)
Justification:
Uncontrolled grazing, introduction of teak monoculture in Western Ghats for commercial exploitation and clearing forests for plantation agriculture are important threat to Indian forests.
12. Consider the following regarding rain water harvesting
- Reduce flooding
- Reduced surface runoff
- No impact on conservation of soil.
- Dilution of fluorides and salinity in groundwater.
Which of the following is/are CORRECT
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1,2 and 4 only
c) 2,3 and 4
d) All the above
Answer: (b)
Justification:
Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation and storage of rainwater for reuse on-site, rather than allowing it to run off. Rainwater harvesting helps manage storm water run-off to prevent erosion, flooding and poor water quality in our lakes and streams. Rainwater recharged into the ground would have a positive impact on groundwater quality through dilution of fluorides, nitrates and salinity.
- A state in India has the following characteristics.
- Discontinuous hills of lower elevation extend in the central part of the state.
- Nearly 60% of soil cover is Red soil and it is the leading producer of Tobacco, Chilly and Turmeric in the country
- Chenchus, Yerukalas, Koyas are important tribal groups of the state.
Identify the state with the above features
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Jharkand
c) Andhra Pradesh
d) Gujarat
Answer: (c)
Justification:
Eastern Ghats is important physiographic unit which extends in central part of Andhra Pradesh. To the east of Eastern Ghats coastal plains are located and towards the west, semi-arid Western peneplains part are found . Chenchus and Yerukalas are important tribal groups of Eastern Ghats. Andhra Pradesh is the leading producer of various agricultural crops.
- Majuli one of the biggest riverine island in the world is formed by confluence of
a) Brahmaputra and Manas river
b) Kameng, Dhansiri and Brahmaputra river
c) Brahmaputra, Subansiri and Kherkutia suti
d) Brahmaputra and Barak river
Answer: (c)
Justification:
- The number of states which are located to the south of Tropic of Cancer excluding the states through which Tropic of cancer passes
a) 7
b) 8
c) 6
d) 10
Answer: (b)
Justification:
Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 Indian states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, MP,Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram. The number of states to the South of Tropic of Cancer excluding above states is 8. They Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Odisha.
- Monazite a important source of rare earths in general is NOT found over which state
a) Odisha
b) Kerala
c) Andhra Pradesh
d) Jammu Kashmir
Answer: (d)
Justification:
High reserves of monazite which is important source of thorium and rare earth metals in located in Jharkand, Andhra Pradesh , Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and minor deposits in other states . It is not found in Jammu and Kashmir.
- Consider the following
- Lock Industry — Aligarh
2 . Brass Handicraft — Firozabad
3 . Glass Industry — Moradabad
Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 only
d) All the above
Answer: (c)
Justification:
Lock Industry – Aligrah
Brass handicraft – Moradabad
Glass industry – Firozabad
- The largest naval base in India is located in
a) Vishakapatnam
b) Karwar
c) Kochi
d) Paradeep
Answer: (b)
Justification:
Karwar naval base is considered as the world’s largest naval base east of the Suez Canal. INS Vajrakosh and INS Kadamba are important naval stations in Karwar.
- Tropical cyclone Gita that hit in 2018 was formed in
a) Arabian sea
b) Bay of Bengal
c) South Pacific
d) South China sea
Answer: (c)
Justification:
Tropical cyclone was formed in Southern Pacific and affected multiple island nations of Vanuatu, Fiji, Samoa and Tonga.
- Consider the following statements regarding millet cultivation
- They are rainfed crops mostly grown to the west of 100 cm Isohyet line.
- The are grown only in black soil region of Deccan plateau.
- Apart from Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand is also important producer of ragi in the country.
Which of the following is/are correct
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 1 only
d) 3 only
Answer: (b)
Justification:
Millets require rainfall varying between 40 to 80 cm. The western part of the country including rain shadow regions of Western Ghats have rainfall less than 100 cm. Rajasthan , Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka,Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana are important producers of millets. Millets grows well in sandy, loamy, red soil. Uttarkhand is the third leading producer of ragi producing around 10% of total production.
