QUIZ – 2017: Insights Current Affairs Quiz, 05 DECEMBER 2017

Solution: d.

A GK/mains-oriented question.

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Solution: d.

“The Convention Against Torture (CAT) came into force in 1987 and India signed it in 1997. Today, the CAT has 162 state parties; 83 are signatories..” India has so far refused to ratify it.

• Signature Subject to Ratification, Acceptance or Approval: Where the signature is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, the signature does not establish the consent to be bound. However, it is a means of authentication and expresses the willingness of the signatory state to continue the treaty-making process.
• Ratification: Ratification defines the international act whereby a state indicates its consent to be bound to a treaty if the parties intended to show their consent by such an act. The institution of ratification grants states the necessary time-frame to seek the required approval for the treaty on the domestic level and to enact the necessary legislation to give domestic effect to that treaty.
• Accession: “Accession” is the act whereby a state accepts the offer or the opportunity to become a party to a treaty already negotiated and signed by other states. It has the same legal effect as ratification. Accession usually occurs after the treaty has entered into force.

https://treaties.un.org/pages/overview.aspx?path=overview/glossary/page1_en.xml#ratification;

Improvisation: http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/stand-up-against-torture/article21261356.ece;

Solution: c.

Democratic theory includes both procedural and substantive democracy.

• Procedural democracy can be said to refer to the practice of universal adult franchise, periodic elections, secret ballot.
• Substantive democracy can be said to refer to the internal democratic functioning of the parties, which purportedly represent the people. Internal democracy includes provisions governing internal elections, candidate selection, secret ballots, and registration and deregistration of parties etc.

Currently, there is no express law for internal democratic regulation of political parties in India and the only governing law is provided by Section 29A of the RPA, which provides for registration of political parties.

Unfortunately, there are no provisions do not regulate the internal functioning of already registered parties. Moreover, the ECI’s power to require parties to hold regular internal elections for office bearers, and candidate selection is compromised in the absence of any penal provisions.

https://www.gktoday.in/gk/inner-party-democracy/;

http://vle.du.ac.in/mod/book/print.php?id=12119&chapterid=24488;

Improvisation: http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/rahul-is-sole-nominee-for-post-of-congress-president/article21261838.ece

Solution: d.

• A bank run occurs when a large number of customers of a bank or another financial institution withdraw their deposits simultaneously due to concerns about the bank’s solvency. As more people withdraw their funds, the probability of default increases, thereby prompting more people to withdraw their deposits. In extreme cases, the bank’s reserves may not be sufficient to cover the withdrawals.
• Additional information: A silent bank run is much like a normal bank run, except withdrawals are made by customers in the form of electronic fund transfers and wire transfers, rather than going into the bank and withdrawing cash or a bank draft. As banking has become more and more automated, the electronic movement of funds from one institution to another has become more common.

http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bankrun.asp;

Improvisation: http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/bail-in-doubts/article21261606.ece;

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Solution: c.

“The Centre on Monday informed the Supreme Court that it is finalising a National Policy on Drug Demand Reduction to combat the rising menace of drug and alcohol abuse, especially among children. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment informed a Bench led by Chief Justice Dipak Misra that 18 States have responded to an advisory sent by the Centre to formulate an action plan for combating drug abuse.”

From 2014: http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=113998;

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/finalising-policy-against-drug-abuse-govt-tells-sc/article21261551.ece